A- Alleviating the harmful impact of salinity stress with different levels by using some organic techniques on vegetative growth characteristics of Wonderful cv. Pomegranate transplants

One of the major environmental stresses is salinity in soil and/or irrigation water which needs more understanding for its adverse effects on plant growth and soil in addition to limited attempts to improve plant salt tolerance. hence, Pot experiment was carried out during two successive seasons 2019 and 2020 under the greenhouse conditions in the nursery of Horticulture Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt, to investigate the effect of compost, active halotolerant biofertilizers namely (Azotobacter chrococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterim var. phosphaticum, Bacillus circulance) isolates and (Spirulina platensis L.) algae on vegetative growth measurements, aerial parts fresh and dry weights, root measurements, root fresh and dry weights were determined in Wonderful cv. pomegranate transplants grown under different levels of saline water irrigation (6000, 7000 and 8000 ppm.) to mitigate the harmful impact of salinity. The obtained results showed a noticeable decrease in all growth aspects, root measurements, fresh and dry weights of the transplants as response to the high levels of salty water, especially 8000 ppm. While, all the treatments had an observed promotion effects on those aforementioned parameters, Furthermore, the combined applications of organic and different biofertilizers present a mechanism of alleviating the damage impact of salts accumulation than the application of chemical fertilizers even under high concentrations of salinity. Overall, it could be suggested that Wonderful cv. transplants performed well at 6000 ppm when providing an ideal fertilization program with the natural organic and various biofertilizers used.