Enhancement of Certain Yield Attributes Through Selection in Some Pea Backcross Populations

The present study was carried out at Shandaweel Research Station, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt. During the three growing winter seasons of 2019/2020, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 using two F₃-populations stemmed from backcrosses between three cultivars of pea to improve pod yield using selection by two cycles. The main genetic parameters studied were PCV, GCV, broad sense heritability, genetic advance and response to selection estimated in the F₄ and F₅ generations.High values of GCV and PCV were found for pod yield and its components, indicating a lot of variation and that their expression is less affected by the environment. In addition to, high heritability with high genetic advance was recorded for pod yield and its components indicating that these characteristics can be used for pea improvement by selection. For population II, the highest superior families were 21, 5 and 32 for pod yield by (121.0, 151.4, 200.0 and 231.6 %), (94.23, 121.0, 163.7 and191.4 %) and (79.2, 103.98, 143.3 and 168.9 %) than the bulk sample, the best parent, check cv. (Sweet 2) and mid parent respectively. On the other hand, families No. 7 and 16 were significantly higher in pod yield for population I. by (43.23, 51.70, 114.1 and 124.2 %) and (34.9, 42.88, 101.61 and 111.13%) than the bulk sample, the best parent, mid parent and check cv. (Sweet 2), respectively, which can be used for further pea breeding programs.